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Dolly Parton’s 9 to 5 has been within our American cultural context since the 1980’s. The beloved film was in part based on the experiences of members of the 9 to 5 National Association of Working Women, a group founded in 1973, whose mission was to improve working conditions and ensure the rights of women and families in the United States.

In many ways, this story is synonymous with the time in which it originated: a time of typewriters, big hair, and pastel blazers; a time in which second-wave feminism was in full swing and millions of middle-class women had entered the workforce. However, I argue that it is not the odes to nostalgia or even Dolly Parton’s infectious brand of fabulous that tethers this musical to our hearts. Rather its ability to showcase the profound truth that when workers obtain influence over their workplace, improvements ensure. 9 to 5 reflects the advancements that are possible through worker collective action.

9 to 5 opens with workplace injustice after workplace injustice. Whether it’s the assignment of duties outside their job descriptions, tyrannical office decor and dress code rules, a disregard for Violet’s seniority, or the outright sexual harassment of several employees, especially Doralee, the workers managed by Mr. Hart endure what can only be described as poor working conditions. The grievances our characters face are the direct result of one man dictating how a workplace will be managed. There seems to be no opportunity for recourse. Those who resist, complain or even discuss these conditions are fired. Change is impossible until Judy, Violet, and Doralee find a way to commiserate safely. Our heroines demonstrate that nothing is more powerful than workers coming together in solidarity. Once these women and their co-workers take control of their working conditions every aspect of the environment improves. As workers, they know what they need, and when they get what they need everything else progresses.  Approximately one-third of our lives are spent in the workplace. Consequently, the conditions of that work environment have the ability to permeate both positively or negatively throughout the other aspects of our daily life. Empowerment in the workplace can lead to empowered positive changes in our personal lives, whether that’s to leave an abusive spouse, improve our family dynamic, or seek the help we need.

The 20^th century saw the American workplace transformed by the civil rights, women, and labor movements. Labor rights were hard won, rolled back, and fought for anew. Worker collective action through labor unions resulted in improved working conditions and protections. 9 to 5 reflects that history and inspires workers today. As Judy, Violet, Doralee, and all their co-workers show, the boss needs you, you don’t need him. So, when you experience poor working conditions don’t mourn, organize! If you are interested in learning more about the rights you have as a worker, seek resources from the National Labor Relations Board or your local union. 

Alejandra Ruiz

Director, 9 to 5